Northern cities became important centers of art, culture, and education. They knew slavery was wrong, and used quotes from the Bible, and … The South had limited travel and communication access. Steel plows, automatic reaper and the thresher became commonly used by the Northern farmers. After Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793, cotton took over as “king” of the southern economy. If you’d like this or any other sample, we’ll happily email it to you. American Slavery As It Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesses. On plantations there were sometimes small schools, and often planters hired private tutors to each their children until they were sent off to private schools. Items such as textiles, iron, and ships were manufactured in great quantities. At a certain point, called the Fall Line—a plateau over which eastward-flowing rivers fell onto the western plains —the many waterfalls of most rivers made them no longer navigable. Furthermore, a stunning 25 percent of all free American blacks (South and North) owned slaves. Today your job will be to read through this information in pairs and then create a "T" chart. The rest of the population was made up of white independent (non-slaveholding) farmers, tenant farmers (who rented land and paid the landowners in crops or money), laborers, or frontier families who moved to the region for inexpensive land. There were many small towns along the banks of rivers and the coasts. Antebellum America Compromises Timeline By urmom21. Huge land deals and sectional views over the spread of slavery into the new territories were splitting the nation and threatening peace in antebellum America. The South also produced less crops in a year than the North, aforementioned above. Sign in|Recent Site Activity|Report Abuse|Print Page|Powered By Google Sites. In 1800, about 5 percent of the population lived in cities, but by 1850, nearly 15 percent did. When contrasting the North and South in the antebellum period, you must consider the differences in major areas: climate, geography, population, cities, economy, culture and transportation.The South has a climate that is generally warm and sunny, with long, hot, humid summers, and mild winters, with heavy rainfall. The first time a petition for the abolition of slavery was brought up to Congress was in 1790 by Benjamin Franklin, one of the Founding Fathers. The north was very successful because the economy was based on manufacturing. Culture and Life in the South revolved around the small, wealthy class of planter and the agricultural system they controlled. Setting the Scene. Slavery was essential for the prosperity of the Southern economy. From a geographic standpoint, the terrain is rocky, hilly, making the soil poor for farming. 3. [1] Fox-Genovese, Within the Plantation Household, 38, 64, 60-61, 98-99 64. By 1860 about 10,000 miles of railroad spread across the Southern states. Mar 21, 1820. Are you interested in getting a customized paper? By adopting new cultivating techniques, farmers were able to greatly increase production. Plantations were so large and so distant from each other that they became almost self sufficient, like small towns. Complicating the picture of the antebellum South was the existence of a large free black population. 2. Regional pride leading to sectionalism. Slavery and the Events Leading Up to the American Civil War. If you do the T chart on paper, take a picture and email. Unlike the South, Northern cities developed free of slavery, and allowed many opportunities for free African Americans. Streets were narrow and unclean. Between 1830 and 1850 along, over 2 million Irish, German and other northern Europeans arrived in the United States. This is an argument of one of many pro-slavery advocates in the South during the antebellum period. The population distribution of these two regions of the country began to vary more and more as the 19 th Tragically, Americans turned to civil war to. In the Deep South alone, some 1,500 free blacks owned nearly 8,000 slaves. GradesFixer.com uses cookies. Having trouble finding the perfect essay? This essay is not unique. Attention! At that date, 293,000 slaves lived in Virginia alone, making up 42 percent of all slaves in the U.S. at the time. In Charleston, South Carolina, between 1820 and 1840, 75 percent of the city’s free blacks owned slaves. To protect its industries from foreign competition, the North favored high tariffs, or taxes on goods coming in from other countries. Let us write you an essay from scratch. Home — Essay Samples — Literature — North and South — The North and the South – “Antebellum” Differences. Most of the forest was made up of trees that would be used for shipbuilding. During the first half of the 1800’s, transportation vastly improved and the size of the United States more than doubled. As a result, most Northern farms were “subsistence” farms, or personal farms where farmers grew food or supplies for themselves or their families. As the manufacturing sector in the Northeast expanded rapidly, managers sought large pools of unskilled or semi-skilled labor. At the Fall Line many ships dropped their cargo. The majority of Northerners were Protestant Christians. And without adequate police forces, crime rates grew. The Northwest's agriculture slowly became more industrialized as the decades went on. Soon people realized that the waterfalls were a cheap source of energy, and the water’s power began to be used to run factories. Although this concept of North-as-freedom versus South-as-slavery oversimplifies the differences in Northern and Southern politics in the antebellum era, most of the political splits that occurred before the Civil War centered on the idea that going north represented a newer economic freedom, while going south meant drifting back into the slavery of older times. This made the value of each individual slave increase, and made slavery more profitable. Their ability to express themselves, however, was determined by whether they lived in the North or the South. The long and bloody war resulted in defeat for the South and victory for the Union Antebellum Differences Cause Regional Divide Due to differences in social values, economics, and demographics, the North had a more developed education system than the South in antebellum America. These goods were traded for foreign products, transported to and from all continents by trading ships. [3] Stephanie McCurry, Masters of Small Worlds: Yeoman Households, Gender Relations, and the Political Culture of the Antebellum South Carolina Low Country (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995) 100. Antebellum america jwt 1. Merchants, manufacturers, wage earners, and new business owners also brought new ideas to the North. Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. The North has a climate of warm summers and snowy cold winters. They were set up along the Atlantic coast and served as centers of trade between the North and European nations. The southerners were inclined to believe that they were "representatives of a special way of life" (Brinkley, 284). You can get a 100% Plagiarism-FREE one in 30 sec. The Atlantic Coastal Plain is an area of fertile, rich soil and swamps. ...Civil War, the North and South had many differences that helped shape the antebellum period. Since the economy was based on agriculture, industries and towns developed at a slower pace than in the North. Time prevents our employing anything but the broadest of brush strokes. Part of this increase was due to massive immigration. Advances in processing the fiber, from Eli Whitney’s cotton gin to the development of power looms and the sewing machine, increased demand for cotton to export from the However, around the time of harvest large numbers of families gathered to bring in the crops allowing families to produce more crops (Brinkley, 275). Villages became strong centers of community activities. so strong that compromise no longer seemed. There were thousands of Black slave owners in early America. Differences between the North and the South grew. In 1793, Southern farmers produced about 10,000 bales of cotton, but by 1835, thanks to the cotton gin and the increased use of slaves, they were growing over 1,000,000 bales. The South's agricultural system was more focused on cotton growing and slave trade than other aspects of farming. (Niven 1990, 53) The treaty may have ended the hostilities between Mexico and the United States; however it revived the contentious arguments concerning slavery between the North and the South. Cities took on an increasingly important role in determining the culture of the North. By clicking “Send”, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement. Gradually, throughout the beginning of the nineteenth century, the North and South followed different paths, developing into two distinct and very different regions. The major force that drew farm communities together was religion, which was one of the only reasons for communication. The period between 1800 and 1860 brought rapid population growth throughout the United States. After investing so much money in these areas, it left little to be invested in other areas of trade. 2018 Dec 17 [cited 2021 May 22]. To the west of the Atlantic Coast Plain is the Piedmont, another area of good farmland and forests. This however, increased the isolation of the South within the Union (Brinkley, 274). The Civil War that raged across the nation from 1861 to 1865 was the violent conclusion to decades of diversification. Planters were the aristocracy, or upper-class, of the South. Still, colleges or universities were reserved mostly for the wealthy. Beyond the moral dilemma caused by slavery, the country's two regions also faced a deep economic divide. The Antebellum South (also known as the antebellum era or plantation era) was a period in the history of the Southern United States from the late 18th century until the start of the American Civil War in 1861. These traits make the Southern climate ideal for large-scale agriculture and the ability to grow many different crops in large amounts. Pssst… We can custom edit this essay into an original, 100% plagiarism free essay. These ground-breaking machines sped up the harvesting of wheat by almost 50 percent, therefore escalating production. Since the South had little manufacturing itself, the Southerners wanted cheap imports, or goods, from overseas. Industrial North, Agrarian South. We should not fall into the trap of trying to understand the outbreak of fighting by bringing everything we know to our consideration of why the war came. [2] Fox-Genovese, Within the Plantation Household, 201. Term for the institution of American slavery in the South, used to reflect a growing division between the North and the South. The Northern economy was based on many different industries, including shipping, cloth textiles, lumber, furs, and mining. Harbors for boats were not secured, and were poorly kept. The Northern free states also were proved to produce more crops than the South, even with the North having considerably smaller labor force than the South's slave industry. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing style below: Sorry, copying is not allowed on our website. We’ve got you covered. They did not have the boatbuilders like the North did, and thus had less access to rivers and the ocean. Civil War. Most of them settled in the North, where for many of them, it was easy to get a job. Only one fourth of the Southern population owned slaves, and most of these were the planters who owned only a small number of slaves. Only a few large cities developed as trading centers in the South (New Orleans, for example), but these were few in number, and smaller than in the North. They protested loudly and proudly against slavery, and pushed their beliefs into the South, though they were mostly rejected. To put it another way, the total population of the South reached 12 million, one third of whom were slaves. The cotton gin was a machine that separated the seed from the cotton fiber much faster than it could be done by hand. This essay has been submitted by a student. Differences in economies as a result of geography. There are many sheltered bays and inlets on the Atlantic coast. They lived like country gentleman of England and ran the political and economic life of the South. Likewise, since they exported most of their cotton and tobacco overseas themselves, most Southerners believed that high tariffs, or taxes on imported goods, would scare away the foreign markets that bought their crops. The following shows the difference between the north and the south prior to the Civil War. While women in the antebellum period were far from being seen as equal citizens in the American Republic, many benefited from increased opportunities and changes in social attitudes which became apparent before the Civil War. Want us to write one just for you? There were few schools or churches in the South, since neither education nor religion were very organized. We will occasionally send you account related emails. They were centers of manufacturing of textiles (cloth goods) and other products. Antebellum America: North vs. South Author: Jankel Last modified by: Shannon Shrader Created Date: 10/17/2007 3:52:19 PM Document presentation format: On … Plantations were far apart and developed their own communities, much like small towns. Since the Southern economy was based on agriculture, crops such as cotton, tobacco, rice, sugarcane, and indigo (a type of dye) were grown in great quantities. The South was an overwhelmingly agricultural region, made up mostly of farmers. These conditions along with a short growing season made farming difficult. we can write an original essay just for you. Slaves lived in prisonlike conditions in some areas and were susceptible to harsh punishment if they disobeyed their master (Brinkley, 289). Most of the new rail lines were in the North. While this was enough to sell Southern crops more easily, it still was not nearly as vast a railroad system as the North. By 1860, there were 4 million slaves in the American South, making the United States the largest slave-holding republic in the world. Throughout the 1800s, many people from rural New England moved to the cities looking for employment opportunities. Increased trade and manufacturing drew many laborers to towns to work. 1. When contrasting the North and South in the antebellum period, you must consider the differences in major areas: climate, geography, population, cities, economy, culture and transportation.The South has a climate that is generally warm and sunny, with long, hot, humid summers, and mild winters, with heavy rainfall. By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy. Antebellum America: North vs. South 2. (Helper, 189). Not long after the first railroad were laid, and by 1850, 30,000 miles of tracks connected distant parts of the United States. Black History Month Timeline. By the mid-1800s, cotton exports made up two thirds of the total value of American exports. Civil War Timeline. Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper. Mid-1800s. The dictionary definition of antebellum at Wiktionary . Also, unlike the South, where slaves made up almost 1/3 of the total population, most Northern states were “free states” that had not legally allowed the practice of slavery for years. Remember: This is just a sample from a fellow student. Recreational activities included such things as fox hunting, dancing, horse racing, and watching dog or chicken fights. To clear land and grow cotton, Southerners started using slave labor more and more. The Antebellum South 1800-1860 ... Antebellum America's 'Peculiar' Religion PRIMARY RESOURCES. '. Response B C.) Response C D.) Response D E.) Response E Percent Complete 100% 00:30 ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation. Independence and Financial State from Women's Perspective Essay, Moral and Politics from a Gender Perspective Essay, Frederick Hale: Connection Between Milton and the Rest of the World Essay, The Civil War between The Northern and Southern States of America Essay, Margaret Entering the Public Industrial Sphere: Women's Perspective Essay, The Gaze, Sight and Visual Symbolism Essay, A Look at Different Views Concerning the North and South Vietnam Bombing Essay, Powerful Individuals Dominated North and South Essay, Proletariat vs protagonist: Winston Smith's class conflict in 1984 Essay. The economies of the North and South regions of the United States during the antebellum period were drastically different in their makeup. In the South, cotton plantations were very profitable, at least until overplanting leached most of the nutrients from the soil. Response A B.) settle their disagreements. In the agrarian South, slaves accounted for … possible. Most farmers lived in the backcountry (away from large towns or cities) on medium sized farms, while a small number of planters ran large farms, or plantations. Cities developed along these rivers and as ports (for ships) along the Gulf and Atlantic coasts. As noted, most Southerners lived on farms scattered along the coastal plains (near the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico), as well as small farmers in the backcountry. Available from: https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/the-north-and-the-south-antebellum-differences/, Receive a 100% plagiarism-free essay on your email just for $4.99, *Public papers are open and may contain not unique content. Factors the Affected the Regions. Meanwhile, hundreds of steamboats moved Southern crops to the North and to European markets. By the 1770s the number of slaves had increased in the southern estates and had converted to the evangelical religions like the Methodist faith. The best educated were often the sons of rich planters. 2021 © gradesfixer.com. Socially, differing mindsets and value systems split the North and the South. North and South – Diverging Views. The South and the Slavery Controversy 1793-1860. Slaves comprised less than a tenth of the total Southern population in 1680 but grew to a third by 1790. Northerners stated to use their “ingenuity” to manufacture all kinds of goods. We provide you with original essay samples, perfect formatting and styling. never has been the 'one' South described by many historians,"2 neither has there been the one North. Settlers found that ships could sail along wide rivers into many of these bays. There would be huge towns with factories everywhere. Immigrants in Antebellum America. Your time is important. Total Population. Get an expert to write you the one you need! In fact, more free blacks lived in the South than in the North; roughly 261,000 lived in slave states, while 226,000 lived in northern states without slavery. The growth of trade, manufacturing and transportation brought many changes to cities in the North. They were raised in the greatest numbers on large farms, known as plantations, which were supported by slave labor. Throughout colonial and antebellum history, U.S. slaves lived primarily in the South. More and more young men attended public schools. Antebellum America: North vs. South. Small farmers had little or no education. Additionally, the soil is plentiful, rich, and full of nutrients. The majority of people who lived on small farms found that much of the land was suited for subsistence farming—raising food crops and livestock for family use—rather than producing goods to export, or send to other countries. For instance, the North produced 499,190,041 total bushels of crops, including wheat, oats and more, in 1850, while the South produced only 481,766,889 bushels of the same crops in the same year. By 1860 there were over 88,000 miles of surfaced (or paved) roads. Thus, both slavery and the cotton industry began to develop rapidly, spreading over many parts of the South. Most cities printed newspapers and books and provided many forms of recreation, such as dancing, card playing, and theater. "The New Cabinetmaker" was printed on February 2, 1861. "Our political problem now is 'Can we, as a nation, continue together permanently—forever— half slave, and half free? As a result, U.S. manufacturers could compete with cheaper prices of goods from overseas. A demand for labor and a supply of immigrants in search of economic opportunity coincided in the Antebellum period. Most Americans did not wake up every morning during the The Civil War. The Northern free states also were proved to produce more crops than the South, even with the North having considerably smaller labor force than the South's slave industry. Cities, which served as trading centers, grew up at these points. For instance, the mills of Lowell, MA, used new technologies alongside new methods of production to increase the amount of wools and textiles they could produce. Free blacks in the antebellum period—those years from the formation of the Union until the Civil War—were quite outspoken about the injustice of slavery. Methods of long-distance transports, such as steamships and railroads, affected the South because products could more easily be sold to more distant markets by using them. If taxes on foreign goods were higher, they would cost more when sold in the United States. The population of the South was made up of Europeans (mostly of English and Scotch-Irish descent) and enslaved Africans. Many other cities began to follow suit and within a decade a system of over 3,000 canals provided water transportation between the Eastern seaboard and rivers in the West. When contrasting the North and South in the antebellum period, you must consider the differences in major areas: climate, geography, population, cities, economy, culture and transportation. All rights reserved Gradesfixer ™, “The North and the South – “Antebellum” Differences.”, The North and the South – “Antebellum” Differences [Internet]. Antebellum North vs. South. Comparing the Social and Cultural Characteristics of the North, South, and West during the Antebellum Period. Antebellum America North vs. South. Students who find writing to be a difficult task. Public education grew in the North, as well, after the 1830’s. Canals, mostly built in the North, were a cheap source of transportation. These crops were known as “cash crops” ones that were raised not to be used by the farmer, but to be sold or exported for a profit. 19th Century America. Not until after 1830’s were harbors and streets improved, sanitation systems were started, and police forces were created. They could not fight on the water like the North, or send mail quicker. Farmers began to use new types of seeds, import breeds of domesticated animals from Europe and utilize the numerous inventions from the Northeast. In turn, both of these aspects of the South contributed to the isolation of the South from the North, and the growing separation of the two Union sections. Taxation opinions and economic structures led to regional differences. During the antebellum the North freed its slaves while the South continued clinging to the barbaric slavery system, this brought conflict in the South, as the Northern slaves were now free.

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